Theses are often characterized by abnormal electrical activity that is found localised in one area of the brain. The result may be involuntary movement or unusual sensations (sensory neurons), and attention and behavioural changes.
Simple partial seizures (SPS - formerly known as focal seizures):
These seizures are characterized by strange or unusual sensations, for example odours or visual abnormalities. Other characteristics of SPS include sudden or restless movement, hearing distortion, stomach discomfort, and a sudden sense of fear. Alteration of consciousness or memory is generally not associated with simple partial seizures.
As mentioned before, partial seizures are localised to one region of the brain. Each region of the brain is responsible for certain body functions, sensations, and movements. By observing the motor manifestations and sensory responses during SPS, the neurologist may be able to determine the brain region affected. This may help determining which drugs are best for the treatment of each individual’s epilepsy.
The ICES has categorised simple partial seizures into 4 main categories: motor, sensory, psychic, and autonomic. Each category has several types of SPS.
Complex partial seizures (CPS - formerly psychomotor or temporal lobe seizures):
Complex partial seizures are often preceded by an “aura.” They are often identified by the manifestation of complicated motor and sensory action. The person can appear dazed and confused – random walking, mumbling, head turning, or pulling at clothing may be observed. These repeated idiosyncratic motions are often called automatisms and are usually not recalled by the person. There may be some change in consciousness or memory.
In children, this seizure should not be confused with absence seizures. CPS often originate in the temporal or frontal lobes of the brain.